PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

 What is he doing?
He is knocking the door.




Functions:

            Present continuous tense has four functions:

·         We use present continuous tense to express activity which is happening now.

Example: I am learning present continuous tense now.

                 My  Uncle is driving car at this time.

                 Listen! Somebody is calling us.

·         We use present continuous tense to express long process activity which is still in progress.

Example: My brother is studying to be a doctor. (It needs long process)

                He is still running his new business.

·         We can use present continuous tense to express about near future activity.

(Future activity which has been scheduled)

Example: We are having examination tomorrow.

                 My father is working next Monday.

·         Present continuous tense and “always” can be used to express about repeating and irritating action.

Example: She is always coming to school late.

                 He is always throwing the rubbish anywhere.

Pattern:

            (+) Subject + to be + Verb. ing +  Object / complement.

            (-) Subject + to be + not + Verb. ing +  Object / complement.

            (?) To be + Subject + Verb. Ing + Object / complement?

Note: I                         = am

         You, they, we      = are

        She, He, It           = is     

Time signal:    now, at present, at this time,

look!, listen!..etc.

Example:

(+) He is listening to music now.

(-) He is not listening to music now.

(?) Is he listening to music now? Yes, he is / No, he is not

Exercises:

Ø  Transform these sentences into the form instructed!

1.      (+) He is riding motorcycle.

(-)  ___________________

(?) ___________________

2.      (+) ____________________

(-) We are not reading novel.

(?) _____________________

3.      (+) _____________________

(-) ______________________

(?) Are they watching TV?

Ø  Answer this question based on your condition now!

1.      Are you smoking now?

2.      What are you doing?

3.      Is your father working?

4.      Where is he working?

5.      Are you wearing shirt?

6.      What are you wearing?

7.      Is it raining in your area?

8.      Are you watching TV?

9.      What is your mother doing?

                  10.  Why are you reading this lesson?

What is she doing?





Related topic:
Simple present with tobe

SIMPLE PAST WITH VERB

Functions:

Simple present with verb is used to express past event / activities.

Pattern:

·         (+) Subject + V2 + Object/ Complement.

·         (-) Subject + did + not + Verb1 + Object / Complement.

·         (?) Did + Subject + Verb1 + Object  / Complement?

Examples:

·         (+) My father arrived at home from Jakarta last night.

·         (-) My father did not arrive at home from Jakarta last night.

·         (?) Did my father arrive from Jakarta last night? Yes, he did / No, he didn’t.

The change of verbs:

Regular verbs

Verb + d / ed

Verb 1	Verb 2
Arrive Walk Study Finish Watch Close Open Type Help Climb	Arrived Walked Studied Finished Watched Closed Opened Typed Helped Climbed

Irregular verbs

Verb 1	Verb 2
Swim Drink Go Speak Sleep Write Sit Drive Ride Eat	Swam Drank Went Spoke Slept Wrote Sat Drove Rode Ate

Exercises:

A.     Write the sentences based on the form instructed!

1.      (+) He ate fried chicken this morning.

(-) ____________________________

(?) ____________________________

2.      (+) _____________________________

(-) She did not go to America last week.

(?) _____________________________

3.      (+) _____________________________

(-) ______________________________

(?) Did they come here yesterday?

4.      (+) My mother cooked fried rice last night.

(-) ________________________________

(?) ________________________________

5.      (+) _______________________________

(-) Ms. Citra did not operate laptop just now.

(?) ________________________________

B.     Answer this Question!

1.      Where did you go last night?

2.      Why did you go there?

3.      With whom did you go there?

4.      Did your father work yesterday?

5.      Did you go to mall last week?

6.      Did your mother cook this morning?

7.      What did your mother cook?

8.      When did you go to beach for the last time?

9.      Did you enjoy being there?

10.  What did you do at the beach?




Related topic:
Simple past with tobe

SIMPLE PAST TENSE WITH TO BE

Function:

We use simple past tense with to be to express conditions in the past.

Examples:

            *My father was in Jakarta last week.

            *There was an accident on Urip Sumoharjo street yesterday.

            *The children were happy at the beach two days ago.

Pattern:

            (+).Subject + was / were + Complement(noun/adjective/adverb of place).

            (-).Subject + was / were + not + Complement(noun/adjective/adverb of place).

            (?).Was / Were + Subject + Complement(noun/adjective/adverb of place)?

            Note:

Was: I/ she /he /it

            Were: They/ we/ you

Time signal:

-          Yesterday

-          …. Ago (three days ago, two years ago…)

-          Last…(last week, last month..) etc..

Examples:

            (+) My aunt was fat when she was young.

            (-)  My aunt was not fat when she was young.

            (?) Was my aunt fat when she was young? Yes, she was/ No, She was not.

Exercises:

A.      Arrange these words in order to be good sentences!

1.       Was - at - home - her - last - sister - night.

2.      Not - in - we - Bali - were - yesterday.

3.      His- was – luxurious – car?

4.      Was – a – high – beside – there – building – school – my.

5.       Sick – was – Andrew – ago – days – three?

B.      Answer these questions!

1.      Where were you last night?

2.      Were you naughty when you were kid?

3.      Was your father in the office yesterday?

4.      Who was at your home last night?

5.      How was your English score when you were at Elementary school?

 

Related topic:
Simple present with verb